Localist theories of consciousness posit that activation in localized regions of the cerebral cortex provide sufficient information for the emergence of specific conscious experiences. A major problem for such theories is to explain how different cortical regions underlie different contents of experience. In the seminar I will propose a possible solution to this problem. I will examine the hypothesis that experiences belonging to different categories are coded in distinct relational structures- i.e. regionally-specific, local synaptic networks. These synaptic structures can be revealed, operationally, as similarity distances between neuronal activation patterns and define the specific contents of phenomenal experience. In my presentation I will discuss experimental evidence, derived from intra-cranial recording conducted in patients for clinical purposes, supporting this hypothesis- specifically in the domain of visual perception. I will show that neuronal and perceptual similarity structures correspond in the face domain and consider how relational structures can account for shared vision across individuals. Examining relational structure similarities between neuronal activations and artificial networks I will argue that relational structures are specialized for different functions in visual and fronto-parietal areas. Finally, I will highlight the still unresolved question of how the relational structures may be functionally expressed during visual perception. Overall- these diverse results point to local relational coding as a central player underlying conscious experiential content in the human brain.